Understanding Language And Literacy Assignment Sample

Introduction: Understanding Language And Literacy

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The development of oral language among children starts from the very start of their babbling. The repetition of words also starts right after this stage. Strong and efficient skills in oral language form a foundation of success in the academic and literacy ground. A strong and potential foundation of oral language among children is beneficial for the children to get succeeded in both communication and reading areas. The study is going to cover several aspects that are related to the underlying development of the oral language of the children along with the underlying issues in the development procedure (Readingrockets.org, 2022). The components of language development in children are also widely demonstrated in this study along with several theoretical perspectives are also been provided based on the nature and nurture of the oral language development of the children. 

Thesis statement: Development of the oral language of the children is one of the most impressive and natural accomplishments that can be done and by it, when and how language can be learned is understood.

Children’s oral language growth 

Components of language growth

Oral language is been utilised in order to express inner thoughts and feelings, there are several components that are beneficially included in the development process of language in children. The development of oral language among children is been done by several important areas or may be considered as components that include:

Phonological: Phonological can be considered as the ability that helps to manipulate and recognise sounds that are in a spoken language state (Nebraska.edu, 2022). The awareness of this component highly includes identification of the starting and the middle section along with the "ending phonemes in words". Additionally, later it may also be deleted added or maybe sustaining phonemes. 

Syntactic: Syntactic refers to the process of joining phrases and words together in order to form a sentence. The learning procedure of joining words and phrases is a complex and time taking process among children (Xiao & Ho, 2014). The children start by joining a single word that further becomes an entire sentence. This is how the children learn to join the words and phrases and form a sentence.

Semantic: Semantic is the third vital component of the oral language development procedure among the components, it indicates the understanding of the underlying meaning of sentences, words and phrases. It also includes correctly utilising the meaning of the words. 

Pragmatic: Pragmatic can be considered as the social rules that are based on languages. It widely includes standards for the conversation that may include taking turns along with appropriate responses to the raised questions. It also includes the adjusting ability of the formality based on the speech that is highly dependent on the context. 

Theory on children’s oral language growth based on nature perspective

As per the theory of "Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development", it can be considered that human development is related to the mediated procedure of society, in this children acquire strategies based on problem-solving procedures, and beliefs along with their cultural values (Fernyhough & Fradley, 2005). It is done through dialogues that are in a collaborative form and are associated with knowledgeable members that are socially active. The theory comprised several concepts that include tools based on cultural specific, "Zone of Proximal Development" along with private speech. The theory focused on the fundamental role of the interaction that is done socially and is based on cognition development; the theory also includes communication as the most important factor in the procedure of making sense. Vygotsky stated that learning is important along with the aspects that are on the universal range that is regarding the cultural development procedure that is organised particularly on the human psychological procedure (Ostad & Sorensen, 2007). The introduction to nature helps the infant o learn in a fast manner and it enhances the role of the caregiver helping the infant to develop oral language in a more efficient and fast manner.

Theory on children’s oral language from the perspectives of nurture 

"The Social-Pragmatic Theory" is an effective theory based on nurturing that is based on the development of the oral language of children (Tomasello, 2000). As per the theory, it can be considered that communication plays a vital role in language learning procedures and it works as the basic part of the language. This perspective is majorly observed in interaction with the infant, in this, the infant's gestures and sounds are been responded to by the caregiver (Winsler et al. 2007). The prerequisites for the theory include: It is required that there is a caregiver present with the infant that is in close proximity so that the individual can be touched, seen, or heard. That caregiver is required to provide the required needs to the infant, which includes warmth, food and most important exploration of the environment it will also help to develop the healthy mental health of the child. The infant must grow a connection with the caregiver. The engagement of the caregiver and the infant is important that includes both non-verbal and verbal behaviour. In an ideal parenting procedure, the parent-child-communication these mentioned prerequisites involves a wide range of interactions with the infant. The perspectives based on the theory emphasize the underlying importance of the involved individual for the communication process (Fernyhough & Fradley, 2005). The engagement of the infant in nature also helps to identify several new components of nature that are beneficial for the oral language development procedure. Nurturing the infant is beneficial the care helps them to develop oral language in an effective manner, and it also helps the infant to learn from the caregiver. 

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the development of oral language among children starts from the stage they are infants, the infant widely develops oral language from their nature or environment in that they are been growing. The infant also develops their oral language from the caregiver they are been with most of the time and are been actively interacting with and there are several components of learning the oral language that plays a crucial role in the procedure. Nature plays an important role in the development of cognitive along with oral language development among g children. On the other hand, Nurture enhance the interaction of the infant with the caregiver helping them to develop language with the help of several verbal and non-verbal behaviour. 

References

Journals

• Fernyhough, C., & Fradley, E. (2005). Private speech on an executive task: Relations with task difficulty and task performance. Cognitive development, 20(1), 103-120. DOI: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088520140400084X
• Ostad, S. A., & Sorensen, P. M. (2007). Private speech and strategy-use patterns: Bidirectional comparisons of children with and without mathematical difficulties in a developmental perspective. Journal of learning disabilities, 40(1), 2-14. DOI: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00222194070400010101
• Tomasello, M., 2000. The social-pragmatic theory of word learning. Pragmatics, 10(4), pp.401-413. DOI: https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/prag.10.4.01tom
• Winsler, A., Abar, B., Feder, M.A., Schunn, C.D. & Rubio, D.A., (2007). Private speech and executive functioning among high-functioning children with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(9), pp.1617-1635. DOI: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10803-006-0294-8
• Xiao, X. Y., & Ho, C. S. H. (2014). Weaknesses in semantic, syntactic and oral language expression contribute to reading difficulties in Chinese dyslexic children. Dyslexia, 20(1), 74-98. DOI: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/dys.1460

Websites

• Nebraska.edu, 2022. Oral Language Development Available at: https://buffettinstitute.nebraska.edu/-/media/beci/docs/oral-language-development-nancy-1-19-17.pdf [Accessed on: 22/11/2022]
• Readingrockets.org, 2022. When and how language is learned Available at: https://www.readingrockets.org/article/young-children-s-oral-language-development [Accessed on: 22/11/2022]