Sociology Assignment Question & Answer

Assessment 1 - Introduction to Sociological Concepts and Theories

Week 1 (Entry 1): The building blocks of sociology

Question 1

The main components of sociological imagination are social structure, history and biography. The sociological imagination enables an individual to capture both history and biography and specific relations between these two within society (Mills, 2020). 

Question 2

Sociology imagination is a capacity to observe the context that shapes individual decision-making as well as the specific decision made by others. It is not only a piece of information that an individual required but also dominates attention and capacity to incorporate it (Mills, 2020). 

Question 3

Individuals are…	Culture is…	Society is…
Single hermeneutic for seeking interpretation or understanding.	Beliefs and behaviours for understanding social norms	Society is important in social imagination for placing experience within a historical context (Mills, 2020).
Broader people know about international studies and varying degrees (Mills, 2020).	In order to understand dominant values and societies culture is important.	A society structured in controlling the lower classes through valuable thoughts.
Interviewing specific concepts of the social universe and technical phrases	It encompasses living a way of life.	Translating personal trouble into public issues

Question 4

Culture describes the practices, beliefs and antiques of a group whereas society usually represents the organisation of people and social structures who share those practices and beliefs with each other. This is how individuals, society and culture can be distinguished. 

Question 5

There is a major difference between all these components but not linking in a group cannot deliver an idea for bringing behaviour. A culture mainly consists of a particular object of society and based on these two-term people share their common thoughts with each other. 

Question 6

• Social construction: It is a concept that exists because of human interaction rather than objective reality. Some examples are countries would not exist without human interaction.
• Social structure: It often treated as a social exchange that mainly deals with forces that change the organisation of the society by living together.
• Social norms: It is an important and perceived informal rule that provide appropriate actions within a community for adapting behaviour that human need to adopt (Unicef.org/media, 2022).

Question 7

Mills realises that there are many issues ordinarily considered major trouble that understood as public issues and appreciating structural biases for an individual problem was one of the main reasons for coined sociological imagination.

Question 8

In the set readings, examples are considered as the careers of corporate executives that decline society matrons to both public and personal troubles. It could be a possibility for concern about public issues as it affects an individual who is very close to them. For example divorce, it can affect both people each other badly. However, a social issue may affect an overall society and poverty is a perfect example of it. 

Question 9

The modern esteem for science and the kind of technological methods and associations adopted by a common demonstrator consisted in this module are unclear to me. The structure of the particular society stands in human history and a particular feature of them is also not clear on my side that needs to discuss in further class. 

Week 2 (Entry 1): Why Sociology

Question 1

• Socialisation: It is a process of adjusting in a group as an individual and behaving in a manner that delivered by side of the group. 
• Tradition: In sociology, tradition referred to as an explanation of the collaborative sentiment of diversity and differences from one person to another one. 
• Power: It is the ability of an individual to bring out something despite particularly the resistance of others. For example, while driving a bicycle without a helmet and Police coming from the front side then not going in that direction shows the power. 
• Stigma: It refers to a critical situation of a person who is not aware fully of social acceptance.

Question 2

Cognitive dissonance is an uncomfortable state of mind when an individual cannot able to control specific values as well as perspectives about the same thing. McCormack et al. (2018) argued and said that studying difficult topic easily, more generally require risk, and carefully thinking about consequences in sociology is very useful.

Question 3

The internet has perhaps been the most important invention and using this technology is the main issue connected with media that deliver fake news. In this way, most people believe in results that are described in Google scholar based on which abstract is used and are aware of the quality of scholarship (McCormack et al. 2018). 

Question 4

It increases understanding and public awareness including differences in social behaviours, social differences and critical insight into the specific solutions to major social problems. 

It offers an enlightening way of understanding a particular topic and surroundings, which shape lives in the views of reality. 

Question 5

Intellectual tools for asking the social world about uncertainty how to be aware of fake news and policy are unclear on my side and need to be discussed in class. Discovering Sociology was a title that did not clear specific points and was harder to grasp as well.

Question 6

"American Psychological Association (APA)" is the style of referencing style that is commonly used in this subject as it is mainly related to a specific subject such as behavioural science, education, science, business and education. 

Question 7

"McCormack, M., Anderson, E., Jamie, K. and David, M. (2018). Discovering Sociology. London, UK: Palgrave (Chapter 10)."

Question 8

References are specific details of the source that are mainly used in writing and cited and are divided into two parts that are in-text citations and quotes in writing for example, McCormack et al. (2018). In contrast, full references are a detail of sources that are included in the reference list and with the help of them, whole writing or specific parts are used. 

Week 2 (Entry 3): The origins of sociology

Question 1

Theorist	Concept(s)	Theory
Durkheim	The theorist observed society as "Sui Generis" which exists social factors existed in an individual or consisting of objectives.	"Division of labour creates mutual needs of the individual in modern society". The Durekhilm theory states that society has a particular existence of its own and a powerful force on individuals as well.
Marx	The concept of Marx was the evolutionary view of the world or social life.	"Key conflict theory" is one of the main theories of Marx which states that a struggle between the working class and capitalists would inevitably create conflict within a society. Society mainly passes through six stages which are slave society, capitalism, stateless communism, primitive communism, feudalism, and finally global stage.
Weber	Modern societies are mainly obsessed with particular efficiencies and that was brushed to one side. The theorist also believes that making society distinct delivers a positive outcome.	"Social action theory" is an important theory by Max Weber, which are related to an individual's sense of instrumental rationality.

Question 2

Max Weber is a very famous theorist in Sociology mainly for his thesis, which contributed to the economic success of "Protestant groups" in European capitalism's early stage. "Social action theory" of Weber is an important theory that mainly highlights behaviour in the social sphere mainly related to the cause and effect of social sense regarding instrumental rationality. The theorist also believed that human action is very important and affect other people's viewpoint in a social context and cultural group (McCormack et al. 2021). Although, Marx mainly inspired Webber’s idea represented many ideas regarding human perspective in a greater level of social control and capitalism. 

Question 3

Symbolic Interactionism is an important theory in the field of sociology, which seeks to understand the relationship of humans with their surrounding people and focuses on the symbol an individual can deliver meaning to experience in their life. The theory peers people need to communicate with one another to comprehend their behaviour with a focus on signs and symbols (McCormack et al., 2018, p. 36). 

Question 4

It is very critical to consider the historical context in the sociology field as it can construct a critical approach to study in the past, present and future as well. It also decorates varieties of social diversities as well as cultural varieties and shows specific changes that are required to occur. In addition, as stated in the lecture, all sociological thinking is considered the main foundation in the historical context in which this needs to be constructed. 

Question 5

Gender imbalance often occurred due to women, not having access to the public sphere as compared to men. It is important to look beyond and contributes "dead white men" to sociology as building a foundation in society is specific for an individual. Few women are credited with shaping early sociology in their own right fair to concede that classical theory proposed by philosophers has many "dead" as well as "Guys". The contribution of the rights of women and equality is also neglected in such fields of society and history. 

Question 6

I did not get that much difficulty understanding this module. 

Question 7

"Leung, K. & Morris, M.W. 2015, 'Values, schemas, and norms in the culture-behaviour nexus: A situated dynamics framework', Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1028-1050, viewed 17th December 2021, ProQuest Central, DOI:10.1057/jibs.2014.66."

References

Books

• McCormack, M., Anderson, E., Jamie, K. and David, M. (2018). Discovering Sociology. London, UK: Palgrave. (Chapter 2).
• McCormack, M., Anderson, E., Jamie, K. and David, M., 2021. Discovering sociology. Bloomsbury Publishing (2010).
• Mills, C.W., 2000. UK: The sociological imagination. Oxford University Press.