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THE SUBJECT SITE AND ITS IMMEDIATE SURROUNDS
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The location of this project is Wintec Rotokauri Campus, which is located at, 51 Akoranga Road, Rotokauri, Hamilton 3200, New Zealand. This location is 10 minutes drive away from the north of CBD and it is a 56 hector site. Wintec Rotokauri Grounds is situated in Hamilton, New Zealand. On the northwest side of the city, the campus is in the suburb of Rotokauri. The Waikato region in which Hamilton is situated is characterized by a relatively flat topography. The actual grounds are set on a generally level ground, for certain delicate slants in specific regions. Parking lots, open green spaces, and paved walkways linking the various buildings and facilities can be found all around the campus. It's always a good idea to refer to the most recent maps or the official Wintec website for accurate and up-to-date information regarding the topography of the Rotokauri Campus.
ENVIRONMENTAL
As the construction site is located at a college campus, various concerns need to be addressed during construction. The usage of heavy machinery is restricted during college hours as the noise of equipment will disturb the students and study. Along with that the dust that will be generated due to the construction is harmful to the health of the pedestrians on campus. In order to deal with these problems, the duration of daily construction work is mediated to late evening to early morning when the campus has the lowest activities.
LAYOUT & ROADING
PROPOSED SUBDIVISION LAYOUT
The whole location is divided into 19 parts which are defined as the subdivision. The proposed design has 19 subdivisions with various dimensions (Williams et al. 2019). The area of each subdivision varies as the whole part is disputed uniformly.
EXISTING ROADS & ACCESS
The southmost road is creating 45 degrees to the east-south end of the location. Apart from that other roads are intersecting each other at 90 degrees and create a square in between them. The overbridge bends almost 60 degrees towards its center.
PROPOSED ROAD DESIGN
Horizontal Design
Horizontal design standards of streets allude to the particular rules and contemplations that specialists keep while planning the arrangement and shape of a street. The road must meet these standards to be safe, effective, and comfortable for motorists. Here are some regularly involved level plan measures for streets:
Configuration Speed: The maximum safe speed at which vehicles can travel on a road in favorable conditions is known as the design speed. It considers the type of road, location, terrain, and anticipated traffic volume.
Distance to See: The length of the road ahead that a driver can see at any given point is referred to as the "sight distance." It is essential for maneuvering, stopping, and overtaking in a safe manner. The design speed and type of road are used to determine the minimum sight distance.
Alignment in the Horizon: The road's curvature is determined by the horizontal alignment. Straight sections, curves, and transitions between them are all included. The radius of a curve influences both vehicle speed and driver comfort. The alignment must guarantee that the vehicle runs safely and smoothly.
Super-elevation: Super-rise is the banking of the street at bends to check the radial power following up on vehicles. It reduces the likelihood of skidding or turning over and aids vehicles in maintaining their stability. Based on the design speed, curve radius, and road conditions, the super-elevation is calculated.
Path Width: The expected volume of traffic, the types of vehicles, and the design speed are used to determine the width of each lane. It should give vehicles enough room to move around, pass, and keep safe distances.
Slope Across: The slope that is provided across the width of the road to facilitate surface drainage is referred to as the cross slope. It ensures a safe and comfortable driving surface and aids in the prevention of water accumulation.
Zones to Clear: In order to accommodate errant vehicles, clear zones are the areas adjacent to the road that should be free of hazards. They typically necessitate particular design considerations, such as grading, control of vegetation, and barrier or guardrail placement.
Clearance in the Horizon: The distance that separates the road's edge from nearby obstructions like buildings, walls, or other structures is known as horizontal clearance. It can vary depending on the road category and anticipated traffic to guarantee vehicles safe passage.
Vertical Design
The specifications and considerations associated with a roadway's vertical alignment or profile are referred to as the "road vertical design criteria." It involves figuring out the right grade, or slope, along the road to make sure that cars can move quickly and safely.
Grades: The slope or inclination of a road is represented by its grade. It can be expressed as a percentage or a ratio (for instance, 1:25 or 4%). Streets are planned with explicit greatest and least levels to guarantee protected and open to driving circumstances. More extreme grades might prompt decreased vehicle speed, expanded slowing down distance, and likely loss of control, while exceptionally delicate grades may not give adequate seepage.
Vertical Bends: A road's smooth transitions between grades are made possible by vertical curves. They are required to reduce abrupt slope changes, which can annoy motorists and raise the risk of accidents. The length of the curve, the rate of grade change, and the sight distance are some of the design criteria for vertical curves.
Curves at the crest: Peak bends are utilized while progressing from a redesign (climbing grade) to a minimization (plunging grade). They are made to give drivers approaching the top of a hill enough distance to see and react to potential obstacles or vehicles coming at them.
Vertical sag curves: List bends are utilized while changing from a minimization to a redesign. They make sure that drivers who are going down a hill have enough sight distance to safely make the transition without having to deal with sudden changes in grade or obstacles on the way up.
Clearances: Vertical clearances are significant measures for streets that pass underneath bridges, spans, or different designs. To accommodate the height of vehicles passing underneath, there must be sufficient clearance. To ensure safe passage without any obstacles, it is essential to consider the vertical dimensions of large vehicles like buses and trucks.
Pavement Design
The designing of pavement considers various road aspects for the vehicles and pedestrian. Sufficient sight distance is fundamental for driver wellbeing. For drivers to be able to see potential dangers and make educated decisions, designers must take into account both vertical and horizontal curves.
TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION
The width of the roads is maintained according to the Hamilton city council regulation. The development contribution policy 16D 1831953 is maintained during the development of the roads for vehicles.
Figure 1: Typical road cross-section
(Source: Self-created)
KERB & CHANNEL
The main criteria that are maintained during the designing of kerb and channels are that the water flows to the outlet without any obstruction (Kostenko, 2022). The main outlet of the channels is established in the outer section of the campus. There are several sub-catchments exist which are distributed all over the map.
INTERSECTION DETAILS
The channels are interconnected with each other as per the regulation provided in the code. As the substatements are distributed across the location, water from the whole area can be escaped from the pipelines designed for this campus.
CUL-DE SAC-HEAD DETAILS
This defines the small cut-through that existed in from of each house. It depends on the area of the plots of the houses. It varies from house to house as some plots have bigger houses that the free space for gardens or any other purpose.
VEHICLE ENTRANCES
Figure 2: Vehicle crossing for subdivision of Wintec Rotokauri Campus
(Source: Self-created)
It is very important to maintain the code of transportation according to the Hamilton City Council. As the campus plot has a total of six entrances the roads are connected to all gates and pass beside all important buildings (Bernard et al. 2020). Directing an intensive traffic examination to decide the volume and sorts of vehicles that will utilize the street. Taking into account peak traffic times, the problems with congestion that are already present, and projections for future growth.
PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Figure 3: Pedestrian crossings
(Source: Self-created)
The given figure is showing the rods that were built for the pedestrian on the campus. The development policy 17D 2105798 is maintained for this road that was built for walking. It is maintained that pedestrian stays safe while walking from the vehicles that roam around the campus (Ansari & Maiya, 2022). Considering topography, existing infrastructure, land use, and environmental impact when determining the best road alignment. Keeping curves to a minimum, make sure it's easy to see and take into account things like trees and buildings that are already there.
BERMS & FOOTPATHS
The footpaths are created to give pedestrian access which is created beside the vehicle roads. It allows them to cross the road and go anywhere on campus without entering the roads created for vehicles. Deciding the number of paths expected for every street in view of traffic volume and projected development (Harliansyah et al. 2021). Taking into account things like how you turn, where you park on the street, and how much public transportation.
EARTHWORKS
TOPSOIL
The soils which exist in the upper layer of the campus are very important to test for the foundation work. The excavation work of the soil starts at first which is followed by the striping, stockpiling, and spreading of soil. As the quality of the soil varies across the campus, the excavation work has to deal with many things.
EARTHWORKS
Two major works consist of earthwork such as the excavation and backfilling of soil. The former work is done at the early stage of the foundation work and the latter work is performed at the last stage of foundation work.
WASTEWATER
The pipeline of the wastewater is gone through every building on the campus as all building produces wastewater that escapes through the wastewater pipelines. The substatements of the wastewater pipeline exist in every building which is connected to the main outlet which is established at the outer perimeter of the location.
STORMWATER
It is very important to design the stormwater pipeline as it deals with the floods that occur due to heavy drainage and poor drainage systems.
Figure 4: Stormwater outlets and manholes
(Source: Self-created)
As can be seen in the given picture stormwater manholes are installed in various places in the location which are the essences of the rainwater. The outlets of the pipeline are connected to every manhole through the pipelines (Hester, 2020). The code-d stormwater by Law 2021 is maintained for this design. Deciding the particular objectives and targets for the stormwater board framework, for example, flood counteraction, disintegration control, water quality improvement, or groundwater re-energize. Comprehend and comply with the pertinent nearby, provincial, and public guidelines, including grant prerequisites, water quality principles, and natural insurance rules
WATER
FIRE HYDRANTS & FIRE FIGHTING
Figure 5: Fire hydrants
(Source: Self-created)
The fire hydrants are installed beside the roads and it connected with the pipelines of water. The fire hydrants hold pipelines that help spread water in case of fire in the location. Consolidate walkways, crosswalks, and devoted bike paths to improve passersby and cyclists' well-being. Make sure that the various modes of transportation are connected, and think about pedestrian-friendly designs like traffic-calming measures or pedestrian islands.
UTILITIES
Figure 6: Water network layout
(Source: Self-created)
The given figure shows the water network layouts of the campus which is designed to distribute water across the campus (Fanghanel, 2020). Conduct a comprehensive investigation of the region's hydrological characteristics, including patterns of rainfall, runoff coefficients, and peak flow rates. This examination will assist with deciding the plan for storm occasions and the expected limit of the stormwater framework. Controlling and managing stormwater runoff by taking the right measures. This might incorporate the utilization of confinement lakes, maintenance bowls, green foundations, and fitting estimating of lines and courses.
SCHEDULE OF QUANTITIES
Project: First Step in Residential Building Construction: Preparation of the Site and Excavation of the Foundation Trenches: 500 cubic meters Site cleanup and grubbing: Backfilling of areas that were excavated: 400 cubic meters The Second: Substantial Works
Built up substantial groundworks: 120 cubic meters of concrete Concrete columns covering 350 square meters: 50 pieces
AS BUILT PLANS
The project plan starts with designing the roads for vehicles and then for pedestrians. After that, the stormwater design is done with the installation of manholes (Shepherd, 2021). The drainage channels are built across the location of the Wintec Rotokauri Campus.
HEALTH & SAFETY
A risk management policy is crucially maintained for this design. The safety rules state safety for pedestrians from vehicles, safety in case of fire, and sufficient water supply for healthy households.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Keeping in mind that road design is a complicated process that necessitates expertise in transportation planning and civil engineering. To make sure that roads are safe and work well, it's important to talk to experts and follow local rules and regulations. Considering the disintegration and silt control measures to limit soil disintegration during development and forestall sedimentation in the stormwater foundation. Erosion control blankets, sediment traps, and appropriate site management techniques might be used to accomplish this.
CONCLUSION
This section holds brief information about the project discussed throughout this report. This template holds every section designed for the Wintec Rotokauri Campus. It starts with the designing of vehicle roads that go through the campus. The next is designing rods for the pedestrian and footpath that connect all the buildings of the campus. Plan protected and proficient convergences, taking into account factors, for example, traffic stream, passerby wellbeing, and openness. Adding traffic signals, roundabouts, and other traffic control devices like stop signs to the plan. The next task is to design the fire hydrants system which is for the safety purpose of the campus.
Reference list
Journals
- Ansari, S., & Maiya, S. (2022). Audit Reviewing Consent for Electro Convulsive Therapy. BJPsych Open, 8(S1), S84-S84. Retrieved from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/F862607E5EFE2478CA66034E46DB069C/S205647242200271Xa.pdf/audit-reviewing-consent-for-electro-convulsive-therapy.pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Bernard, A. L., Barbour, A. K., Madeira, J. L., Lindheim, S. R., & Goodman, L. R. (2020). BRINGING INFORMED CONSENT TO THE 21ST CENTURY–THE IMPACT OF AN ONLINE RESOURCE AND CONSENT PROCESS ON FERTILITY PATIENT PERCEPTIONS. Fertility and Sterility, 114(3), e48. Retrieved from: https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(20)30908-0/pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Debris, L. R., & Areas, F. P. Zone Descriptions, Activity Status, Information Requirements and Criteria for Resource Consents. Policy, 18, 13. Retrieved from: https://www.whakatane.govt.nz/sites/www.whakatane.govt.nz/files/documents/appendix_7_pc_1_from_matata_decision_-_final_-_26_march_3.pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Fanghanel, A. (2020). Asking for it: BDSM sexual practice and the trouble of consent. Sexualities, 23(3), 269-286. Retrieved from: https://www.academia.edu/download/58551932/Asking_for_it.pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Harliansyah, H., Rini, A. S., Siagian, E. N., Andjab, T. K., & Fall, R. (2021). Free, Prior And Informed Consent In Fulfilling The Constitutional Rights Of Citizens In The Mining Sector. International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources, 1(1), 11-21. Retrieved from: https://injurlens.bdproject.id/index.php/injurlens/article/download/2/2 [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Hester, T. (2020). Consent Decrees as Emergent Environmental Law. Mo. L. Rev., 85, 687. Retrieved from: https://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4480&context=mlr [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Kostenko, V. H. (2022). Visual resources in informed consent templates for dental treatment. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”. Retrieved from: http://baltijapublishing.lv/omp/index.php/bp/catalog/download/240/6567/13756-1 [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Shepherd, V. (2021). How nurses can support the inclusion in research of older people who lack capacity to consent. Nursing Older People, 33(2). Retrieved from: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/135828/1/Older+people+impaired+capacity+research_+NOP+accepted+manuscript.pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
- Williams, B. G., Single, M., Adamantidis, C., de Vos, M., & Allan, S. (2019, January). Napier port proposed wharf and dredging project: Working with nature for resource consent applications. In Australasian Coasts and Ports 2019 Conference: Future directions from 40 [degrees] S and beyond, Hobart, 10-13 September 2019 (pp. 1052-1058). Hobart: Engineers Australia. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ben-Williams-17/publication/357826143_Napier_Port_Proposed_Wharf_And_Dredging_Project_Working_with_Nature_for_Resource_Consent_Applications/links/61e12dab8d338833e368ea02/Napier-Port-Proposed-Wharf-And-Dredging-Project-Working-with-Nature-for-Resource-Consent-Applications.pdf [Retrieved on: 15.05.2023]
