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Introduction
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The essay is addressing the relationship between health education and different approaches to health promotion to implement mental health. This essay is approaching significant health education activities for children between the age of 12-15 years old that are playing a major role in the development of mental health children. Health promotion and health education are all associated with healthy activities that are required to prevent the reason behind ill health. At the same time, it also prevents the causes that make it difficult to approach a proper treatment for an ill child. To accomplish this prior objective, health education is necessary, as it is associated with the right process to increase and spread health-oriented knowledge.
The concept of health program and health education
According to research, the most likely ways to achieve the desired results are those that focus on a thorough understanding of the intended health behavior and the context in which it occurs. Health education professionals can use many planning models based on health ethical concepts to help them design, manage and evaluate these interventions. The following are some of the most popular planning ideas and models used by health educators today.
? The rational model: This model, also known as the "intelligence, ethics, and practice mobdel" (KAP), focuses on the idea that increasing personal knowledge can lead to behavioural change.
? The extended parallel process model: This model suggests that when people are presented with a risk message, they participate in two screening processes: determining whether they can be exposed to an identified threat and whether the threat is serious, and determining whether the recommended action can reduce the threat and whether they can successfully perform the recommended action (depending on the health belief model).
? The theory of planned behaviour: Theoretically, motivation is influenced not only by a person's moral sense but also by a person's understanding of social norms (the power of others' views on morals and your desire to follow important people) and a code of conduct that you understand.
? Social cognitive theory: According to this view, there are three major factors that affect a person's ability to change behaviour: efficiency, goals, and expected outcomes. People with a sense of hard work will either change their behaviour or face challenges (Haghighat et al., 2019).
? The health belief model: The following six structures are used in one of the first forms of behavioural change to define decision-making in human life and the following behaviours: perceptions, tendencies, benefits and barriers, indicators, and hard work (Azimi et al., 2018).
? Diffusion of innovation theory: According to this view, people are divided into five groups: innovators, early adopters, many early recipients, many late recipients, and laggards, and the numbers in each group are still widely distributed: the old bell curve. Health educators can better prepare and implement interventions tailored to the needs of each adoption group by identifying the characteristics of the people in each category.
The relationship between the health program and health education
Health promotion aims to improve people's health by influencing their lifestyles, health systems, and, most importantly, their environment (not only physically but also the cultural and economic conditions that determine the state of health). There are many widely accepted ideas for health promotion, most of which include health goals, community participation, and individual empowerment.
The US National Commission for Health Education Credentialing (NCHEC) has identified seven key functions in relation to the social educator such as the minimum skills and competencies under the whole profession. Important activities related to social work teachers are:
- Assessing individual and local needs for health education
- implement compulsory school education programs
- implement social training programs
- Evaluate the effectiveness of social education programs
- providing social welfare and learning needs in schools, anxiety and materialism
- planning social management training planning
- To walk as an asset in social training.
NCHEC has called for a general code of conduct for health educators. The code of conduct provides for the formation of shared values within which welfare training is provided. It is the responsibility of all social educators to strive for the most effective ways of leading and empowering the individual behavior of their colleagues. Regardless of the title of the position, the competent federation, the setting of the task or the space provided, social educators must adhere to these rules when deciding on a competent choice.
Approaches of health promotion
The aim of the Health program is to aware people that they can address the health issues and can lead to a healthier life. In this context, five different approaches have been explored here to denote health promotion according to Ewles and Simnett. Here is describing those approaches below.
Medical approach
The medical approach is important to conduct the health program as it aims to enable children to be free from any medical issue such as infection, heart disease. Medical interventions are the core principle of this approach that can prevent ill health. However, this approach involves approaching a care system for middle-aged people. Preventive medical methods have been valued by this approach. However, medical professionals are responsible to secure the patient’s compliance that the recommended suggestion can be favourable for them (Whitehead, 2018).
Behavioural change approach
This approach focuses on the behavioral change of a person or people that they can change their attitude toward a healthy life. In this context, health education is important to drive them away from bad habits such as smoking, drinking. For example, the education about taking care of teeth and the right food also enclosed in this approach. The approach derives the factor that this health education is the core principle to promote a healthy life. This approach derives that it has become a prior responsibility of medical professionals to motivate people to have approached a healthy lifestyle to prevent ill health.
The educational approach
It is one of the important approaches in health promotion that disclose the importance of health education. According to this approach, every person is required to be knowledgeable with proper information. The positive thing of this approach shed light on the information of health education that helps people to make the right decision. At the same time, the value of this approach as it provides learning’s to people to how they can the right behavioural approach to lead a healthy life. On the other hand, the Client-centered approach is also part of health promotion that refers to the factor that health professionals need to provide the right suggestion to their client and proper guidelines according to their queries. The positive side of this approach has established by the concern and gained knowledge that aware people and increase their empowerment to make the right decision regarding the health issue. At the same time, the social approach has also enclosed the health education that shed light on the suitable changes in the social environment. According to this approach, if the social environment moves towards the healthy life it will enhance a healthy city.
Despite these all-positive sides, it can be seen that the success factor of these approaches is depending on the acceptance of people and the regulation health policy of the government. In many cases, it has found that government. The failure of government and local communities that explore that they not only avoid the precaution of health issues but also adopt such behavioural approach that increases health issues.
Components of health promotion
Good governance for health:
Good governance is all about the government policy that ensures a healthy life for the common people. However, the government of UK pays attention prerequisites for the common people of UK such as shelter, nutrition of children, health program, a stable eco-system. At the same time, the UK government has approached Health and social care act 2008 and regulation 2014 that they can secure the heat issues and can maintain the mental health of people (Stellefson et al., 2020).
Health literacy:Everyone involved in the promotion and safety, disease prevention and early testing, health care and policy delivery, and policymaking should be concerned about health education. Debate, reading health statistics, interpreting maps, deciding whether to participate in study sessions, using personal or family health care equipment - such as a flow meter or thermometer - to calculate the duration of a drug or dose, and health voting or environmental concerns all including health learning skills. Health literacy is one of the primary factors of health promotion and health education. With an increase in health literacy people will gain insight about the importance and vitality of health and its role in their day-to-day lives (Bentsen et a2020).
Healthy cities: The Healthier a city is, the healthier its people are. Cities residents are aware and conscious of its health help in making a healthy city. The health of a city indicates the awareness and education of the people comprising it. Along with good governance, a healthy city is also necessary to promote health education. This is yet another vital point of health promotion. It is highly advisory that people are aware of the cleanliness of the city and help to protect the environment willingly (Lederer and Oswalt, 2017).
Health education and the health promotion activities for the implementation of mental health among children
The UK government has approached a regulatory principle and implemented health education and health promotion in schools to develop mental health for the children who are aged between 12-15 old years. Several promotional activities have been approached in schools such as positive self-esteemation that suggest children to have approach healthy habits to prevent health issues. In this context, teachers are playing significant role to develop mental health for children by encourage them to involve creative work (Andermo et al.2020). On the other hand, the health promotion activities suggest schools to approach a good physical health by providing exercise, yoga class for children in school. Regular health check up is another activity that will be approached in the school to determine the mental health of children. At the same time, a proper health guideline has been provided to parents and teachers that can create a sense of belonging for children. A safe environment in school and home is the prior element that has been enclosed in health promotional activities. Teacher and parent needs to focus on healthy and emotional development among children that they can approach a healthy mental life. Children who are noticed by early symptoms of digression or any trauma needs to provide immediate support. Thus, the UK government has approached School-based mental health programs (Estrada et al. 2020).
Milestones in health promotion
Many milestones make a health education programme successful. The strategies outlined below have proven to be effective over time and are seen as essential to health education programs and services aimed at improving the health of individuals and communities.
? Well-designed curriculum: The most promising programs are wide-ranging because they deal with multiple risks, use multiple delivery channels, target multiple levels (individuals, families, social networks, organizations, and society as a whole), and are designed to change not only risky behaviors but also, social environment).
? Resource and needs assessment: Before launching a health education program, it is important to assess the needs and strengths of the community, as well as the resources available.
? Planning: This includes defining community health issues that can be avoided by community action, setting goals, identifying targeted behaviors and environmental traits that will be the focus of interventions, determining how participants will be involved, and building a co-ordinate planning team.
? Long-term transformation: Health education programs should aim to bring about sustainable and long-term improvement in health behavior. This requires the support of long-term programs and the establishment of a public health education program.
? Evaluation and research: Not only is it necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and research process in order to record the results and results of the program, but it is also necessary to explain the structure and process of the program, as well as its cost and benefits.
Conclusion
It is to be concluded that health promotional activities and health education is an essential element that requires to develop mental health for children who are underlying the age between 12-15 in school. To accomplish this good governance of UK has approached several health promotional activities in the school that children can feel a sense if security and can have approach a healthy mentality.
References
Andermo, S., Hallgren, M., Jonsson, S., Petersen, S., Friberg, M., Romqvist, A., Stubbs, B. and Elinder, L.S., 2020. School-related physical activity interventions and mental health among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports medicine-open, 6(1), pp.1-27.
Azimi, M., 2019. Evaluation of Health system development plan and basic education transformation plan based on health system assumptions with emphasis on education. Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion, 7(2), pp.154-171.
Azimi, M., Adib, Y. and Matlabi, H., 2017. Health Education and Health Promotion Curriculum of Grade six is Based on the Assumption of Health System. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 10(2), pp.91-102.
Bentsen, P., Bonde, A.H., Schneller, M.B., Danielsen, D., Bruselius-Jensen, M. and Aagaard-Hansen, J., 2020. Danish ‘add-in’school-based health promotion: integrating health in curriculum time. Health promotion international, 35(1), pp.e70-e77.
Estrada, C.A.M., Gregorio Jr, E.R., Kanyasan, K., Hun, J., Tomokawa, S., Dumlao, M.C. and Kobayashi, J., 2020. School health promotion in South?East Asia by Japan and partners. Pediatrics International, 62(9), pp.1029-1038.
Haghighat, M.A., Zahrakar, K. and Farzad, V., 2019. Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion. Health Educ, 7(2), pp.182-191.
Lederer, A.M. and Oswalt, S.B., 2017. The value of college health promotion: A critical population and setting for improving the public’s health. American Journal of Health Education, 48(4), pp.215-218.
Stellefson, M., Paige, S.R., Chaney, B.H. and Chaney, J.D., 2020. Evolving role of social media in health promotion: Updated responsibilities for health education specialists. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), p.1153.
Whitehead, D., 2018. Exploring health promotion and health education in nursing. Nursing Standard, 33(8).
