An Electricity Generation System Using Algae Biofuel Production Assignment Sample

1.0 Introduction

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1.1 Backgrounds

In the recent era, the use of organically produced fuel or biofuel instead of conventional fuel has increased significantly in Australia. The population who are living in Western Australia are now showing various types of interest in different kinds of biofuels. These biofuels can be produced with the help of different kinds of algae or microalgae. After considering both the plentiful sunshine and the availability of ocean water, the Western Australian territory can provide a special chance to produce electricity using algal biofuel. This region of Australia can provide perfect and suitable conditions regarding the growth of a flourishing algal biofuel sector because it has large areas of land which is still underutilized and the possibility of sustained biofuel farming. Due to the different kinds of combinations of these ideal topographical and climatic factors, the region of Western Australia is now at the leading edge of technological advancement and study in the field of algae-based generation of electricity (Anwar et al. 2019). The Hutt Lagoon Lake area in Western Australia is the ideal place for the production of biofuel and electricity. Because this place contains a lake which is ideal for the production of algae.

The region of Hutt Lagoon in the western part of Australia has become a hub of development along with different kinds of studies regarding the cultivation and generation process of electricity from different kinds of algae and microalgae in the past few years. There is a huge organic profusion of “Dunaliella salina” algae within the Hutt Lagoon, which is very important for producing biofuels because this species contains a high amount of lipid particles and it has made this region a prime location in the advancement of algal biofuel technologies (Chua et al. 2022). After taking advantage of this specific kind of algae species with different special qualities, this region is moving toward establishing a center for the new generation of renewable energy. For these reasons, the Hutt Lagoon area of Western Australia is chosen for the biofuel-based electricity development process.

Figure 1: Site details

(Source: Google Maps)

1.2 Electricity Services

The energy that is produced with the help of algal biofuel can be used in different ways to provide various quality services to homes, factories and different kinds of other industries in the Western part of Australia. The electricity that is produced by algae can be used to supply power to different kinds of industries, homes, shops and factories in this region. It can also be used to create different types of onsite generators which is very important for the distribution of energy to households, factories and offices in this area. These various on-site generators can provide different kinds of reliable sources of sustainable energy. The energy service providers of the Western Australia region can create different kinds of campaigns to promote and provide organically produced electricity to the households, factories and offices in this region. This biologically produced electricity can also be used as a reliable energy source (Ali et al. 2020). It creates a huge positive impact on the environment because the energy production process through biofuel is a very environment-friendly and sustainable process. This energy that is produced with the help of biofuel is commonly very cost-efficient because the production cost of this organically produced electricity is very low. The population of this area can access this electricity at a very low price per unit.

1.3 Problems Statement

There are multiple problem present in the Western part of the Australia which can be solved by the production of biofuel based electricity. For example, Bad effect of conventional electricity production method on the environment of Western Australia, High cost of the fossil fuel based electricity, High production of the greenhouse gases in these area. Also the high use of conventional electricity production method creates various problems in the Western region of Australia.

1.4 Solution of problem

The electricity that is generated from biofuel can be used to solve various kinds of problems in this Western Australia region. It can create a significant impact on the environment and atmosphere of this region. The electricity that is produced biologically creates a very small amount of greenhouse gases. These greenhouse gases are very harmful to the environment of Western Australia. The government of Australia can contribute significantly to the environment if they supply this sustainable electricity. The Western Australia region is very reliant on conventional fossil-based electricity. The use of biologically produced energy can provide a reliable source of electricity because it uses less amount of external sources (Biloria and Thakkar, 2020). This process can also improve the air quality of this region which creates a significant impact on the health of this region's population.

1.5 Project aims

This project aims to create electricity and energy in the Hutt Lagoon part of Western Australia with the help of biofuel which is produced from algae.

1.6 Project Objectives

• To create electricity from biofuel based on algae.
• To produce a positive impact on the environment and social life of the West Australia region.
• To produce biofuel from different kinds of algae.
• To create a cost-efficient electricity production system.

2.0 Methodologies

2.1 Design of a system

There are different kinds of technologies present which can be used to produce electricity with the help of biofuel based on algae. These technologies are based on different kinds of factors which are based on the electricity generation scale and various specific requirements of the energy production method.

The “Internal Combustion Engines” technique can be used to produce electricity with the help of biofuel which is based on algae. This method uses very specific kinds of diesel engines. But these engines can be converted or modified with the help of biodiesel which is produced from the algae. These engines have the capability of converting chemical energy into mechanical energy (Gao et al. 2021). These mechanical energies can be converted into electricity with the help of specific generators. This process of producing energy is considered an “off-grid” power production method.

The main components of this technology are mentioned in the next part.

Cultivation process of different Algae: The most important first step of this process is to produce algae in different kinds of lakes and ponds. There are multiple lakes and ponds present in this region which can be used in the production process of different algae. The algae strain which contains a high amount of lipid molecules is considered as the ideal source of the biofuel production process (Pagotto et al. 2021). These algae contain different kinds of nutrients for example nitrogen, phosphorus and different kinds of micronutrients

Dewatering and harvesting process of Algae: The harvesting and dewatering process is one of the most important steps of this technology. After the proper growth of the algae, this dewatering method can be implemented on them. These produced algae should be harvested with the help of different common harvesting methods for example the filtration process and centrifugation method. After the harvesting process, the algae need to be dewatered (Arutselvan and Iqbal. 2023). This dewatering method uses different kinds of mechanical processes for example mechanical pressing and supercritical fluid extraction

Extraction of lipids from the algae: These algae that are produced in the farm contain a very high amount of lipid molecules inside them. These lipids are the main component which is used to produce a biofuel. This lipid can be extracted from these algae with the help of various methods (Aziz, 2020). A lipid contains a high amount of energy which is used to produce electricity from the biofuel.

Production of Biofuel: Once the extraction process of lipids from the algae is done, someone can implement the biofuel production process. There are multiple methods available which can be used to produce biofuels. The lipid molecules which are extracted from the algae can be converted into biofuel with the help of the “transesterification” method (Jayarathna et al. 2022). This method of “transesterification” involves several other steps by which it can turn the lipid into biodiesel

Preparation of Fuel: After the production of the biofuel from algae researchers can create electricity by that fuel. However, this fuel needs several improvements and preparation to produce energy (Ezealigo et al. 2021). Several filtration processes of this biofuel need to be done to create electricity using it.

Internal Combustion Engines: After the filtration of the produced biofuel development of the combustion engines should be done. Here a researcher has to modify the diesel engines. The chemical energy of the biofuel will produce a huge amount of mechanical energy (Khan et al. 2022). This mechanical energy can be later converted into electricity.

Generation of Electricity: Different kinds of on-site generators are used to produce electricity (Khanum et al. 2020). Also, these combustion engines can convert the mechanical energy into electricity.

Figure 2: Sematic diagram of the Internal Combustion Engine process

(Source: Self-created in Draw.io)

This figure provides the design of the internal combustion technology which will be used in this project to generate electricity with the help of algal biofuel. This method will help to produce electricity in the Hutt lagoon part of the Western Australia region significantly. It will surely create a sustainable and cost-efficient power plant in this region. Also, it will create a significant impact on the natural environment of the Western Australia region.

Elements	Description	Functions
Combustion engines through algae-based biofuel	Leveraged through Algae biomass	Internal source of fuel
Injection system of fuel	Provide biofuel towards the combustion part	Controlling power to maintain the flow of fuel
Process in combustion room	Spaces are enclosed during the burning of fuel	Makes the whole process of controlling the flow
Piston towards mechanical power and energy	Shifts upward and downward in the cylinder part	Transfer the pressure from the combustion room
Movement of cylinder	Allocate spaces for pistons during the occurrence of combustion	Helps to navigate piston
Generating power through rotational force	Transfer power and force towards electrical energy	Generates electricity
Exhaust system	Navigates the gases from the exhaust system	Decrease emission of gas
Ignition process	Loads process for combustion	Generates heat to ignite the fuel solution
Safety systems	Help to suppress fire outbreaks and protect against overheating	Helps to gain stability for the system process

Table 1: designing of a system of internal combustion engine through algae-based biofuels

(Source: Self-Created)

After combining all these steps of the “Internal Combustion Engines” a researcher can produce electricity with the help of algae-based biofuels. Proper management of the system needs to be done in the production of sufficient electricity. The system should be maintained on a regular basis or else it would create huge difficulty in the electricity production process from biofuel (Kumar et al. 2020). The following intricate system effectively converts algae-based biomass fuel through electrical power by combining engines with internal combustion, lipid extraction process, algae farming, and the manufacture of biodiesel. The emissions treatment techniques and environmental concerns are integrated in order that the system functions sustainably while offering an important source of electrical power.

2.2 Evaluation methods

The evaluation method of this technical process of “internal combustion engine” can be done using various factors.

The yield of energy and the efficiency of energy: The checking and measurement of different kinds of system efficiency need to be done in the first place. The measurement of efficient energy can be produced with the help of various methods. The efficiency of the different steps of this engine also needs to be improved. For example, the cultivation of algae, the lipid extraction process from the algae, and biofuel purification methods need to be efficient (Moshood et al. 2021). Also, the researcher needs to assess how much electricity is produced from a unit of biofuel which is produced from the algae. It is the most important part of this “internal combustion engine” process.

Reliability and availability of the produced energy: The energy that is produced with the help of algae-based biofuel has to be very reliable. The availability of the produced energy should have to be very high. The assessment of the availability of the system needs to be evaluated for the proper implementation of this process (Mustayen et al. 2022). Regular maintenance of the equipment needs to be done to create a smooth mechanism system.

Environment-friendly: This electricity production method uses biofuel based on algae and is commonly an environment-friendly process. It creates a huge positive impact on the environment because it creates a very small amount of greenhouse gases. But sometimes this method also creates difficulties in the maintenance of environmental regulations (Osman et al. 2023). The proper maintenance of the system and implementation of environment-friendly guidelines need to be followed by the production team. Also, the production team has to create a detailed analysis of the air quality that is produced in the electricity production process.

The Economic details: The energy production team has to follow different kinds of economic factors that maintain the cost of this process of electricity production. The cost of these processes needs to be effective and low otherwise it will create difficulties in the financial part of electricity production (Sharmila et al. 2022). The production management team has to calculate different types of financial factors when producing electricity through biofuel.

The flexibility of fuel: The production team has to analyses the flexibility of different batches of biofuels to maintain a proper order.

Figure 3: Evaluation method of Electricity production with the help of Algal biofuel

(Source: Self-created in Draw.io)

Proper implementation of these evaluation methods will evaluate sustainable development and cost-effective biofuel-based electricity production in the Western Australia region. All these factors need to be implemented with proper guidelines to create an eco-friendly “Internal Combustion Engine” based electricity production system based on algal biofuel in the Hutt Lagoon area. The electricity that is produced with the help of algal biofuel has to be reliable and efficient. The cost management system also needs consideration while producing the electricity in the power plant.

Triple Bottom Line Analysis
Economic analysis	Social Analysis	Environmental Analysis
The financial impact of the ICE system will be analyzed. It will be possible through the cost of setting up, operation expense and production of fuel	The possible social impacts will be analyzed. It could be considered by the deployment of jobs. The jobs can be allocated towards the local areas. Thus it could be developed through supporting the local economy. It could assist in enhancing rural development through sustainable practices.	The evaluation of the life cycle will be able to analyses and evaluate the impacts on the surrounding atmosphere. This can include the cultivation of algae, the production of biofuel and the generation of electrical energy.
The return on investment will be analyzed and evaluated to measure whether the whole system is able to deliver cost-minimized electrical energy	The acceptance of technology towards the community can be analyzed. This perspective will be able to address the related concerns with noise pollution, emission of gases and the acquisition of huge land portions.	The factors are needed for evaluation including the consumption of water, usage of acquired land and minimizing of carbon gases and emissions rather than fossil fuels.

Table 3: Triple bottom line Analysis

(Source: Self-Created)

2.3 Different types of methods

There are different kinds of other methodologies present which can also be used to produce electricity from the biofuels which are produced from algae. These methods include several factors to create electricity. For example, Gas turbines, Steam Turbines, Combination of heat and power systems, digestion by anaerobic process etc.

The “gas turbine” method of electricity production is the use of biogas which can also be produced with the help of different kinds of methods from the algae-based biofuel. These organically produced gases can be combined with high-temperature and high-pressure to produce electricity. It is connected to a generator which creates the electricity from the turbine. These processes of electricity production can be used to produce electricity on a very large scale (Nwoba et al. 2020). This method of electricity production involves high-pressure biogas to create energy with the help of a properly structured generator.

The steam turbine method is also a very important process of electricity production from biofuel. These biofuels can also produce very high-pressure steam which can be created with the help of different processes. This high-pressure steam can drive a very high-powered turbine which ultimately creates electricity. These steam turbines are mainly utilized to produce electricity on a very high scale. It is most commonly used in different kinds of industries (Maliha et al. 2022). This method of electricity production involves a very high amount of money. Because the price of these turbines is very high.

There is also a method which can be used to produce electricity with the help of biofuel. This process involves the combination of heat and power to produce electricity. This process converts heat into electricity with the help of different kinds of industrial equipment (Hossain et al. 2019). It is a very broad and industry-based approach to energy production through biofuel.

The implementation of the anaerobic process is also can be used to produce electricity with the help of biofuel based on algae. These algae are used to complete the process of anaerobic digestion. After the anaerobic digestion process, the algae-based biofuel converts into biogas. These biogas can be used in the Gas turbines process (Avinash et al. 2020). With the help of these biogas, the production of electricity can be done very easily.

3.0 Analysis

3.1 Analytical models

Algae, which are aquatic organisms that employ photosynthesis to transform light and nitrogen oxides into biomass and oil, may be used to create algae biofuel, a sustainable energy source. There are several techniques to produce power using algae biofuel, including:

• Burning algae-derived biomass or oil to generate heat and electricity.
• Transforming the oil or biomass into biodiesel or biogas, which may be utilized in fuel cells or internal combustion engines.
• Using the algal cells directly in bio photovoltaic or microbial fuel cells, which are able to collect and transport the electrons produced by photosynthesis to an outside circuit.

One study found that the average heating value of algal oil is around 37 MJ/kg, while the average oil content of microalgae is approximately 30% (dry weight) (Mustayen et al. 2022).

Biomass(Kg)	Oil content (%)	Heating value(MJ/Kg)	Electricity (Kwh)	Formula
100	30	37	308.33	=100*30*37*1000/3600

Table 2: Calculation of energy generated from the Biomass

(Source: Self-created in MS EXCEL)

The quantity of power that can be produced from a specific amount of algae biomass, assuming a 100% conversion efficiency from oil to electricity, may be estimated as follows:

Biomass (kg) x Oil content (%) x Heating value (MJ/kg) x 1000 / 3600 = Electricity (kWh)

For instance, the power produced by 100 kg of dry algal biomass may be calculated as follows: electricity (kWh) = 100 x 0.3 x 37 x 1000 / 3600. 308.33 is the electricity (kWh).

This indicates that burning the oil recovered from 100 kg of dry algae biomass may provide around 308 kWh of power.

4.0 Results

Throughout the whole project, different kind of analysis of data has been done to produce electricity based on algal biofuel. There are various results are gathered by the different data calculations (Rebello et al. 2020). The first part of the result is the calculation regarding the algal biodiesel production rate. This calculation is very important from an economic point of view. Through this research, it was found that the global production capacity of biofuel in a year is 258 billion whereas the conventional coal power plant's capacity is 946 billion per year (Correa et al. 2021). Although the production capacity of biodiesel-based power plants is very low compared to conventional power, the production cost of biodiesel-based power plants is very low.

Particulars	Natural Gas Power Plant	Coal Power Plant
Algal biodiesel production rate	0.12 l/kg CO2a
	60 l/MWhb	114 l/MWh
Algal biodiesel production cost	$1.54/l ($0.308/kg CO2)
Algal biodiesel's competitive production cost	$0.62/l ($0.124/kg CO2)
Global algal biodiesel production capacity (potential)	258 billion a/year	946 billion a/year
The portion of coal and NG power plants require refit to replace petro diesel with biodiesel	60%
Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions if algal biodiesel replaced petro diesel	4.7%

Table 4: calculations results

(Source: Self-created in MS WORD)

Algal biodiesel may be supplied at a rate of 0.12 l/kg of CO2 fumes, as Table 1 illustrates. This is equivalent to a rate of 60–114 l/MWh depending on the fuel type used in the plant. The estimated recurring cost of producing algal biodiesel from power plant emissions and a photo bioreactor is $1.54/l. Nevertheless, a $0.60/l creation cost is now seen as shady. Figure 1 illustrates that how barring the most speculative scenario in which algal biodiesel's effectiveness continues to grow and petro diesel's generation cost increases at a rate about half that of the current rate (Roles et al. 2020). Algal biodiesel is expected to be financially competitive with petro diesel by 2018.

The Projected production costs of petro diesel and algal biodiesel.
Year	Petro diesel (based on historical trends)	Petro diesel (50% of historic rate)	Algal Biodiesel (no change in production efficiency)	Algal Biodiesel(5% annual increase in production efficiency)	Algal Biodiesel (10% increase in production efficiency)
2010	0.5	0.58	2.5	2.47	1.75
2011	0.74	0.85	2.28411	2.3	1.592
2012	0.98	1.12	2.06822	2.13	1.434
2013	1.22	1.39	1.85233	1.96	1.276
2014	1.46	1.66	1.63644	1.79	1.118
2015	1.7	1.93	1.42055	1.62	0.96
2016	1.94	2.2	1.20466	1.45	0.802
2017	2.18	2.47	0.98877	1.28	0.644
2018	2.42	2.74	0.77288	1.11	0.486
2019	2.66	3.01	0.55699	0.94	0.328
2020	2.9	3.28	0.3411	0.77	0.17

Table 5: Projected production costs of petro diesel and algal biodiesel.

(Source: Self-created in MS Excel)

This part of the result contains the comparison between the projected production cost of the petro diesel and the algal biodiesel. It summarizes the projected production cost of electricity from the year 2010 to 2020.

Figure 4: Graph of Projected production costs of petro diesel and algal biodiesel.

(Source: Self-created in MS Excel)

The figure 3 contains a graphical representation of the projected production cost between the petro diesel and the algal biodiesel. This graph demonstrates the production cost of algal biofuel-based electricity and the conventional coal-based production of electricity.

Parameter	Data value	Unit	Calculation
The growth of the algal biomass in a day	100	gm/m2	Estimated
The cultivation area of the algal biomass	1000	m2	Estimated
The growth of algal biomass every year	36500	kg	=( The growth of algae per day * Total algae cultivation area * 365) / 1000 =(100*1000*365)/1000
The algae-based oil content	30	%	Estimated
The production of algae-based oil in a year	10950	kg	= The growth of algae biomass per year * (Algae oil content / 100) =36500*(30/100)
The efficiency of biodiesel production	90	%	Estimated
The production of biodiesel in a year	9855	liters	=The production of algae-based oil in a year *(The efficiency of biodiesel production/100) =10950*(90/100)
The total energy content of the biofuel	35	MJ/I	Estimated
Total production of energy from biofuel	344925	MJ	=The production of biodiesel in a year * The total energy content of the biofuel =9855*35
The number of working days	300	Days	Estimated
The efficiency of electricity generation	35	%	Estimated
Total electricity generation per year	120723.75	MJ	=Total production of energy from biofuel*(The efficiency of electricity generation/100) =344925*(35/100)
The efficiency of electricity from algal biofuel	90	%	Estimated
Total production of energy from algal biofuel	108651.375	MJ	=Total electricity generation per year*(The efficiency of electricity from algal biofuel/100) =120723.75*(90/100)

Table 6: Estimated production value of electricity using algal biofuel

(Source: Self-created in MS Excel)

The below table is the calculation of the production capacity of electricity with the help of algal biofuel in a year. There are some estimated values which are collected from past research. The growth of the algal biomass every day is estimated as 100gm/m2 and the estimated cultivation area of the algal biomass is considered as 1000m2. The oil content that is collected from algae is estimated at 30% and the efficiency of biodiesel production is estimated at 90%. The number of working days in the algae-based power plant is considered as 300 days in a year (Rao et al. 2020). Also, the electricity generation efficiency is considered at 35% and the electricity generation efficiency from the algal biofuel is considered at 90%.

5.0 Discussion

The proper estimated values of electricity production with the help of algal biofuel are calculated in the result. Throughout that analysis, it was found that the total growth of the algae biomass every year is 36500 kg per year. The entire production of oil extracted from the algae biomass is 10950kg per year. This oil is used for the production of biofuel. The total biofuel production of the biofuel is calculated as 9855 liters per year (Rafa et al. 2021). The total production capacity of biofuel and the total electricity production value were also found which are 344925MJ and 120723.75 MJ per year.

These results provide strong evidence of the high production capacity of electricity using algal biodiesel. The use of algal biodiesel instead of the normal petrol-based energy production can be used in the Western Australia region. Although the electricity production rate based on the conventional method is very high, the use of biofuel-based electricity production techniques can be used to manage the cost of electricity production (Tumilar et al. 2020). Because this biofuel-based energy production technique is more cost-effective than the conventional coal-based process of electricity production.

Creating a proper algae farm with specific technology in the Western part of Australia should be very important for the reduction of electricity prices. Also, different kinds of new technologies can be implemented in the algae biofuel-based power plant to improve the production process of electricity. For example, the “gas turbine technology” and “the steam turbine technology”.

6.0 Triple Bottom Line Analysis

The electricity generation process with the help of biofuel based on algae in Western Australia produces a very significant scope in the “Triple Bottom Line Analysis” process. This analysis process contains a detailed analysis of economic, environmental and social factors which are associated with this project.

The Impact on the Economy: The utilization of algae-based biofuel in the production of electricity has various impacts on the economy of Western Australia. This process can decrease the use of conventional coal-based electricity in this region. Also, it can help to decrease the price factors which are associated with the high price of fossil fuels. This process can make a sustainable development in this region which can help to manage the price of the electricity in this region. Also, the algal biofuel-based power plant has the ability to produce new opportunities from an economic point of view. The climate of the Western Australia region has the ability to produce electricity on a very large scale. This area has a sufficient amount of sunlight and water resources throughout the year (Shirzad et al. 2019). These factors will increase the number of investments in the electricity production process which will automatically create new job opportunities for the population of this area.

The impact on the environment: There are different kinds of positive environmental factors present which are associated with the algal biofuel-based electricity production process. These algae can produce a high amount of biomass which converts the carbon dioxide of the atmosphere. This process of electricity production with the help of algal biofuel can decrease the rate of carbon dioxide produced from the conventional electricity production method. The positive environmental conditions in the Western Australia region create great opportunities for algae farming. This area has a sufficient amount of sunlight and water resources which generates a huge biomass of algae. Also, the algae have the capabilities of wastewater purification. It can restore the nutrients of a waste water land (Subhas et al. 2022). The use of algae-based biofuels can decrease the environmental footprints which are related to conventional fossil-based electricity production. This method of electricity production is completely different from conventional coal-based energy production. It does not rely on the reserve energy source.

The impact on social life: The method of algal biofuel-based electricity production has different impacts on the social life of this region's population. It contains various kinds of social benefits. This method of electricity production can reduce the use of fossil-based fuels which increases the rate of stable energy production. This process can also create a secure energy system with the help of energy diversion. The algae biofuel-based power plants can produce a huge number of job opportunities which is very beneficial for the entire population of the West Australia region. The less use of conventional fossil-based electricity production processes produces a huge amount of greenhouse gases which are very harmful to human health and to the environment also. The utilization of the algal biofuel-based electricity production technique can reduce the production of these greenhouse gases which generates a positive impact on the health of the population (Jalilian et al. 2020). This process can change the health concerns related to polluted air in this West Australia region.

The triple-bottom-line analysis of the algal biofuel-based electricity production process involves specific information about the different kinds of economic, social and environmental effects. It provides different kinds of valuable positive impacts on the West Australia region. This is a very innovative approach to electricity production which follows the various new global trends. This will place the Western Australia region in first place in the sustainable and renewable electricity development project (Mahmudul et al. 2022). It will create a great environment-friendly image of this region.

Figure 5: Triple Bottom Line Analysis

(Source: Self-created in MS Word)

7.0 Conclusion and Recommendations

7.1 Conclusion

The process of algae-based biofuel and electricity production method has great promise in the Western Australia region. This process is very important for the sustainable development of the West Australia. This area has a very sufficient source of water and sunlight which makes it the perfect location for the growth of algae. Throughout the whole research, a detailed design of an electricity generation system using the help of algal biofuel is described properly. The technology that is used in this specific research design is created based on the “Internal Combustion Engines” method. This method of electricity generation involves different kinds of diesel or gas-based engines. In this research, this method is modified in some places such as the diesel-based engines being converted into biofuel-based engines. Some other methods of electricity production with the help of algal biofuel are also mentioned in the other key methodology part of this project. The utilization of different evaluation methods is also used in this report. A detailed analysis of different economic, social and environmental impacts on the electricity production process is also described properly. Implementation of the ongoing research and development process will create a sustainable environment-friendly development in the West Australia region. This biofuel-based electricity development process will also create a huge impact on the cost-effectiveness of conventional electricity production.

7.2 Recommendations

Investments in development and research are very much important to harness the total potential of biofuel of algae. Innovation can be driven away by doing a collaboration with the government, private enterprises and institutions, especially academic institutions. It also improves the efficiency of cultivating the algae and optimizes the process of conversion for the production of electricity. Encouraging and supporting the farmers as well as the landowners to participate in the cultivation of algae should be done. It mainly occurs after offering several incentives like tax, benefits and assistance to technology. The farming of algae helps to diversify the sources of income and promote the development of rural areas. Developing clear and consistent regulations is highly recommended for the biofuel industry of algae. This helps to identify environmental sustainability, quality and safety control etc. It provides a regulatory environment which is predictable and mainly facilitates the investment.

Increasing awareness among the public about the importance of algae biofuel is recommended. It also helps in the transition of energy sources which are renewable. Educating the citizens about the advantages of health and the environment makes them understand about the economic opportunities too. Economic opportunities are associated with this technology. Encouraging several partnerships between various stakeholders and government and between industry and research institutions is very much helpful. Due to collaborations production facilities appear on a large scale. This makes the industry more competitive and easily accessible. Implementation of monitoring and mitigation in a rigorous manner is required. It ensures that there is a presence of a negative impact on the local ecosystem due to algae biofuel production and cultivation. Practices which are sustainable should be a priority. It is also recommended to invest in the training of the workforce in the local population to prepare them for jobs in this industry. For this preparation vocational training and educational partnerships are required.

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